Web Survey Bibliography
With the ever increasing difficulty of conducting RDD interviews in the United States, it was desired to evaluate the effectiveness of offering cash incentives to participants. Incentives historically have had some success (but the success of these incentives is highly dependent upon the population, type of incentive (cash versus lottery or other gifts), timing of the incentive (pre or post data collection) and mode of data collection). Results of offering cash incentives in two omnibus RDD studies; one national and one at the state level only, were examined to determine the impact of incentives on response rates, cooperation rates, demographic characteristics of respondents, and actual responses to substantive questions. In addition to offering incentives to participants, the state
‐wide study also offered incentives to the interviewers. It was hypothesized that offering incentives to interviewers would have a positive impact on overall response rates, cooperation rates, and quality of data. Both studies were designed as randomized control trials. The national study used an RDD sample, and the sample was randomly assigned an incentive or non‐incentive status (with approximately half the sample being assigned an incentive status and the other half being assigned a non‐incentive status). If flagged for an incentive, the potential respondent was offered a $10 incentive upon completion of the interview. A check in the amount of $10 was mailed to the respondent post completion of the interview. If not flagged for an incentive, no incentive was offered to the participant. The state‐wide survey was slightly more complicated in that there were two levels of incentives offered. The first level of incentive was similar to the national study, offering an incentive to participants. The RDD sample was again randomly assigned an incentive or non‐incentive status (with approximately half the sample assigned an incentive status and the other half not). Again, if flagged for an incentive, participants were offered $10 cash after completing the survey. If not flagged for an incentive, no incentive was offered. The second level of incentive was offered to the interviewers. A $10 cash incentive was offered to interviewers every odd week of the data collection period for each interview they successfully complete above and beyond their minimal required productivity targets. Interviewers were required to maintain a minimum productivity pace regardless of being offered an incentive or not. This minimum productivity criteria included completing a minimum number of interviews per hour, maintaining the average expected number of refusals per hour, maintaining the required dialing pace, abiding by the facility attendance requirements , and maintaining high data collection quality standards. These criteria were held constant so as to permit the evaluation of the introduction of an incentive on improving response rates by interviewers. This state‐wide study was essentially a two by two randomized control trial with four possible “incentive” groups: 1) respondent incentive only, 2) interviewer incentive only, 3) respondent and interviewer incentive, and 4) no incentive at all. Overall, the findings were somewhat surprising and proved to improve response rates and cooperation rates among certain demographic groups only, with no effect on other groups. There were slight improved overall response rates for those age 34 and under (and in particular those aged 24 or younger). Those aged 24 and younger are the most difficult populations to reach now by telephone (mainly due to the increase use of cell phone only use). Interestingly, the impact on interviewer performance was negligible. Based on the findings of these two experiments, offering incentives only to certain demographic groups (the younger age groups) may be the best use of cash incentives.
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Web survey bibliography - 2009 (509)
- The Coverage Bias of Mobile Web Surveys Across European Countries ; 2009; Fuchs, M., Busse, B.
- Item non-response rates: a comparison of online and paper questionnaires ; 2009; Denscombe, M.
- Using mobile phones for survey research A comparison with fixed phones ; 2009; Vicente, P., Reis, E., Santos, R.
- A Comparison of Different Survey Periods in Online Surveys of Persons with Eating Disorders and Their...; 2009; Wesemann, D., Grunwald, A., Grunwald, M.
- A Comparison of Web-Based and Paper-Based Survey Methods Testing Assumptions of Survey Mode and Response...; 2009; Greenlaw, C., Brown-Welty, S.
- Interactivity in self-administered surveys. Influence on respondents' experience; 2009; Suarez Vazquez, A., Garcia Rodriguez, N., Alvarez, M. B.
- New techniques in online research: challenges for research ethics ; 2009; Eynon, R., Schroeder, M., Fry, J.
- Web based macroseismic survey: fast information exchange and elaboration of seismic intensity effects...; 2009; De Rubeis, V., Sbarra P., Sorrentino, D., Tosi, P.
- The Effects of the Initial Mode of Contact on the Response Rate and Data Quality in an Internet-Based...; 2009; Wiseman, F.
- Doing Research in the Real World; 2009; Gray, D. E.
- Conducting Mobile Surveys: A Hands-on Introduction to an Innovative Research Mode; 2009; Pferdekämper, T., Melcher, T.
- Internet-based surveys and urban design education: A community outreach graduate project in Redding,...; 2009; del Rio, V., Levi, D.
- Exploration of secondary students’ creativity by integrating web-based technology into an innovative...; 2009; Jang, S.-J.
- An experimental mixed mode design on a general population survey ; 2009; Eva, G.
- Declining Working Phone Rates Impact Sample Efficiency; 2009; Piekarski, L.
- Using Non-Probability Samples for Confusion Surveys - Mall Intercepts and the Internet; 2009; Ericksen, E. P.
- Using Debit Cards for Incentive Payments: Experiences of a Weekly Survey Study; 2009; Gatny, H. H., Couper, M. P., Axinn, W., Barber, J. S.
- Characteristics of Cell Phone Only, Listed, and Unlisted Telephone Households; 2009; Tarnai, J., Schultz, R., Moore, D.
- Cell Phone-Only Households: A Good Target for Internet Surveys?; 2009; Bates, N.
- Nonsampling Error Research in Practice; 2009; Brick, J. M., Kalton, G.
- Total Survey Error: Past, Present, Future; 2009; Groves, R. M.
- Envisioning the Survey Interview of the Future ; 2009; Conrad, F. G., Schober, M. F.
- Metrics for panel contribution: a non probabilistic platform; 2009; Gittelmam, S. H., Trimarchi, E.
- Are telephone Surveys a dying bread. How declining response rates can be explained and resolved; 2009; Degen, M., Obermüller, A., Schielicke, A.-M.
- Relation between values and topic of a survey in internet panel research; 2009; Vis, C., Marchand, M.
- The potential of mobile research: Implications for the future and the role of industry standards; 2009; Nelson, Li.
- Factors Contributing to Participation in Web‐based Surveys among Italian University Graduates; 2009; Cimini, C., Girottu, C., Gasperoni, G.
- Integration of different data collection techniques using the propensity score; 2009; Camillo, F., Conti, V., Ghiselli, S.
- Mode effects in Switzerland: non‐response and measurement error on the European Social Survey; 2009; Roberts, C.
- The mixing of survey modes: application to Laon web and face‐to‐face household travel survey...; 2009; Bayart, C., Bonnel, P.
- Reason analysis: an ambitious alternative for mixed‐mode survey design; 2009; Jerabek, H.
- An innovative open source strategy for the development of electronic questionnaires for statistical...; 2009; Degortes, M., Landriscina, M., Murgia, M.
- Response rates in multi actor surveys; 2009; Pasteels, I., Ponnet, K., Mortelmans, D.
- Unit non‐response in panel surveys: empirical finding from an experiment; 2009; Haunberger, S.
- Do cash incentives helps with RDD studies? Examination of results from a national and a statewide survey...; 2009; Miller, Y., Barger, K., Hearn, D.
- Are people sharing their mobile phones? Selection probabilities in cellular telephone surveys; 2009; Fuchs, M., Busse, B.
- Accuracy of Estimates in Access Panel based Surveys; 2009; Enderle, T., Münnich, R., Bruch, C.
- New developments in survey methodology for official statistics; 2009; Bethlehem, J.
- Survey cooperation: response to initial and follow-up requests - Recent experiences from the recruitment...; 2009; Bartsch, S., Engel, U., Schnabel, C., Vehre, H.
- Methodological Research for Longitudinal Surveys; 2009; Lynn, P.
- Using Mobile Phones to Administer a Working Memory Updating Task in a Survey - Cognitive Performance...; 2009; Schmiedek, F., Riediger, M., Lindenberger, U., Wagner, G. G.
- Accessibility of individuals for mobile phone surveys; 2009; Gabler, S., Häder, S.
- Mixed Modes and Measurement Error: Comparing face-to-face, telephone and web modes ; 2009; Hope, S., Nicolaas, G., Jaeckle, A., Lynn, P., Nandi, A., Campanelli, P.
- The Difficult but Essential Challenge of Designing Mixed-Mode Surveys; 2009; Dillman, D. A.
- Overcoming the challenges of measuring self-reported digital media use: Using feedback to increase data...; 2009
- The Internet survey ; 2009; Getka-Wilczynska, E.
- Modelling online survey participation among Italian university graduates ; 2009; Cimini, C., Girotti, C., Gasperoni, G.
- Coverage rates of mobile telephones and the Internet in Italy ; 2009; Fabbris, L., Gorelli, S.
- Imperfect frames and new data collection techniques ; 2009; Biffignandi, S.
- Web based survey methods workshop; 2009; Weiss, M.